Tick born encephalitis

Where it occurs

In Scandanavia, much of central and eastern Europe and parts of Asia including Japan and China.

Infection

It is a virus transmitted by ticks - small biting insects - normally outdoors in the countryside.

Symptoms

Initial symptoms usually include headaches, fever, fatigue, aches and vomiting; patients are often very irritable. However, the disease can seriously attack the central nervous system leading to inflammation of the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the brain itself and the membranes around the nervous system. In sever cases, people suffer hearing problems, loss of balance, disorientation, memory loss and even hallucinations. The damage can be severe and long-term, though death is rare.

Treatment

It is vital that treatment should being as soon as possible though tick born encephalitis is difficult to diagnose. There is no specific treatment, instead treatment is aimed at alleviating the symptoms and may include painkillers for headaches, anti-inflammatory medication and anti-biotics. Specific medication may be given if the brain begins to swell.